Web Foundations. The wire, the protocol, and the plan.

Arpanet to TCP/IP to the World Wide Web to Web 2.0 and beyond. The shortest version of how a Cold War research network turned into the thing you're reading this on.

The OSI model, TCP/IP, HTTP, ports, and what really happens between you hitting Enter and the page rendering. The mental model every web dev needs.

How a domain name like yorksims.com becomes a numeric address, and how a URL gets broken apart into scheme, host, path, and query. The lookups that happen before any byte of HTML moves.

What a web server actually is, static vs dynamic content, and when to reach for a CMS like WordPress vs writing your own HTML. The right tool for the right job.

Why you sketch before you code, what UI vs UX actually means in practice, what "the fold" is, and how typography decisions made in 5 minutes shape the next 5 years of a brand.

Why mobile-first matters, fluid grids and flexible images, breakpoints, and the difference between a responsive site and a site with a mobile version bolted on.

Waterfall vs Agile in 90 seconds, structure patterns, version control, the IDE you should actually pick, and the four-step loop you'll spend your whole career in.